111 articles - From Saturday Apr 09 2022 to Friday Apr 15 2022
Guidelines, position statements, white papers, technical reviews, consensus statements, etc…
meta-analyses and systematic reviews
| Aliment Pharmacol Ther |
Systematic review with meta-analysis: outcomes of pregnancy in patients with autoimmune hepatitis. Successful pregnancy is a reasonable expectation in AIH. However, hepatic biochemistry should be monitored closely in both the puerperium and the post-partum period. Though some patients may present higher risk, with carefully selected therapeutic manipulation and multi-disciplinary care, the majority of mothers and infants should achieve uneventful outcomes. |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
Performance of screening tests for Oesophageal Squamous Cell Carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis. The diagnostic accuracy seems comparable between Cytology and endoscopy, whilst autoantibody and microRNAs bear potential as future non-invasive screening tools for ESCC. To reduce ESCC-related death in the high-risk populations, it is important to develop a more accurate and less invasive screening test. |
Pooled Rates of Adenoma Detection by Colonoscopy in Asymptomatic Average Risk Individuals with Positive Fecal Immunochemical Test: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. This meta-analysis supports the current ADR benchmarks for colonoscopy in FIT-positive individuals. Excellent pooled ADR parameters were demonstrated with qualitative assessment of one stool sample at a test cut-off value of 100ng Hb/ml, and ADR per endoscopist improved over time. |
| J Crohns Colitis |
Intestinal Ultrasound for Differentiating Fibrotic or Inflammatory Stenosis in Crohn's disease: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis. IUS currently is inaccurate to differentiate fibrotic or inflammatory stenosis in CD patients, and more studies assessing the significance of each parameter and its cut-off value in different modes of IUS are needed to be conducted in the future. |
RCT, clinical trials, retrospective studies, etc…
| Am J Gastroenterol |
Disease burden and unmet need in eosinophilic esophagitis. There is an unmet need for long-term histologic, endoscopic, and symptomatic disease control; for targeted therapies that can normalize the immune response to triggers, reduce chronic inflammation, and limit or prevent remodeling and fibrosis; and for earlier diagnosis, defined treatment outcomes, and a greater understanding of patient perspectives on treatment. Additionally, healthcare professionals need a better understanding of the patient perspective on disease burden, the disconnect between symptoms and disease activity, and the progressive nature of EoE and the need for continuous monitoring and maintenance treatment. In this review, we explore the progression of disease over the patient's lifespan, highlight the patient perspective on disease, and discuss the unmet need for effective long-term treatments. |
EVIDENCE BASED AND EMERGING DIET RECOMMENDATIONS FOR SMALL BOWEL DISORDERS. However, the diagnosis of SIBO is limited by a lack of sensitive and specific tests, with significant knowledge gaps in relation to therapeutic measures to manage and cure SIBO. Currently, antimicrobials are the established management option. There have been significant clinical advances in dietary interventions related to the small bowel but this area is currently a novel and advancing field for both patients and clinicians. |
Evidence based and emerging dietary approaches to upper Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction. Emerging data based on 6-food elimination diet and confocal laser endomicroscopic evaluation of mucosal responses to food proteins, suggest a role for duodenal allergic reactions in FD symptom generation. In gastroparesis, a low residue diet has been shown to improve symptoms. Novel dietary approaches under evaluation are the Mediterranean diet and the heating/cooling diet approach. |
Pediatric Aspects of Nutrition Interventions for Disorders of Gut-Brain Interaction. The following have been shown to be beneficial: a) In infants with colic, removing cow's milk from the infant's diet or from the maternal diet in those that are breast-fed, b) In infants with regurgitation, adding thickeners to the formula or removing cow's milk protein from the infant's diet, or the maternal diet in those that are breastfed, and c) In children with pain predominant DGBIs, using soluble fiber supplementation or a low FODMAP diet. In children with functional constipation, there is no evidence that adding fiber is beneficial. Given that most dietary interventions include restriction of different foods in children, a thoughtful approach and close follow-up are needed. |
Psychological considerations in the dietary management of patients with DGBI. In this paper, an expert team of 2 gastro-psychologists, a dietician and an academic gastroenterologist provide insights into the psychological and social implications of evidence-based and "popular" dietary interventions in disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI). We focus on practical approaches for evaluating a patient's appropriateness for a dietary intervention, considering the nutritional, psychological, behavioral and social context in which a patient may find themselves managing their DGBI with dietary intervention. We also discuss how to identify risk factors for and symptoms of avoidant-restrictive food intake disorder (ARFID), a growing concern in the DGBI population. |
Racial Disparities in Associations of Alcohol Consumption with Liver Disease Mortality in a Predominantly Low-Income Population: A Report from the Southern Community Cohort Study (SCCS). Consistent with previous cross-sectional studies, in the Southern Community Cohort Study (SCCS), the largest cohort for Black Americans conducted in a predominantly low-income population with 81,694 participants, we found that moderate alcohol drinking was associated with a significantly increased risk of mortality due to liver disease in Black Americans (HR=2.06; 95%CI: 1.08, 3.94), but not in White Americans (HR=0.87; 95%CI: 0.52, 1.44). We found that heavy drinking was significantly associated with an increased risk of mortality due to liver disease in both Black and White Americans. Future studies are warranted to understand the mechanism for the racial disparity. |
Survey Based Study on Food Insecurity during COVID-19 for Households with Children on a Prescribed Gluten-Free Diet. About 5% of families who screened food secure reported GF food insecurity. Parent-reported intentional gluten consumption due to limited GF food availability in the household increased during the pandemic (7.5%). Food insecurity should be considered in the management of celiac disease. |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
Colorectal sessile serrated lesion detection using linked color imaging: A multicenter, parallel randomized controlled trial. LCI is significantly superior to WLI for SSL detection, as well as for polyps and adenomas detection. LCI can be recommended as an appropriate method for routine inspection during colonoscopy ( number, ChiCTR2000035705). |
Development and Validation of a Score for Fibrotic Non-Alcoholic Steatohepatitis. In the derivation cohort, rule-out and rule-in cut-offs were 0.10 for sensitivity =0.89 (negative predictive value [NPV] 0.93) and 0.33 for specificity =0.90 (positive predictive value [PPV] 0.57), respectively. In the external validation cohorts, sensitivity ranged from 0.87 to 1 (NPV 0.99-1) and specificity from 0.73 to 0.94 (PPV 0.12-0.49) for rule-out and rule-in cut-off, respectively. FNI is an accurate, simple, and affordable non-invasive score which can be used in primary healthcare to screen for fibrotic NASH individuals with dysmetabolism. |
| Endoscopy |
Artificial intelligence-based assessments of colonoscopic withdrawal technique: a new method for measuring and enhancing the quality of fold examination. The system's evaluation of FEQ was strongly correlated with FEQ scores from experts, historical ADR, and withdrawal time of each colonoscopist. The system has the potential to enhance FEQ. |
Post-polypectomy surveillance interval and advanced neoplasia detection rates: a multicenter, retrospective cohort study. Metachronous neoplasia was uncommon among low risk patients, even with long surveillance intervals, supporting recommendations for no surveillance in these patients. For high risk patients, a 3-year surveillance interval would ensure timely CRC detection. |
| Gastroenterology |
Metagenomic identification of microbial signatures predicting pancreatic cancer from a multinational study. Metagenomics targeting the gut and oral microbiomes can provide a powerful source of biomarkers for identifying individuals with PDAC and their prognoses. The identification of shared gut microbial signatures for PDAC in Asian and European cohorts indicates the presence of robust and global gut microbial biomarkers. |
The Association between Proton Pump Inhibitor Exposure and Key Liver-Related Outcomes in Patients with Cirrhosis: A Veterans Affairs Cohort Study. PPI exposure is associated with increased risk of infection and decompensation in cirrhosis, which may mediate liver-related mortality. However, PPI usage was associated with reduced all-cause mortality in those with prior GIB, suggesting benefit in the presence of an appropriate indication. |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
Effectiveness of prophylactic clipping in preventing post-polypectomy bleeding in oral anticoagulant user - a propensity-score analysis. Prophylactic clipping was not associated with an overall reduced risk of PPB in patients on oral anticoagulants. The use of cold snare polypectomy should be maximized in anticoagulated patients. |
Gastric peroral endoscopic myotomy in refractory gastroparesis: long-term outcomes and predictive score to improve patient selection. The clinical success of G-POEM for refractory gastroparesis was 65.2% at 36 months. Our predictive score offers an easy tool that should be confirmed in other studies. |
Quality upper gastrointestinal endoscopy: a prospective cohort study on impact of endoscopist education. A simple endoscopist education session enhanced quality of UGI endoscopy by improving adherence to BSG and ESGE recommendations and increased detection of clinically significant pathology. A minimum inspection time of 7 minutes was associated with increased diagnostic yield and may be a feasible quality indicator for clinical practice. |
| Hepatology |
Beneficial Effect of Ursodeoxycholic Acid in Patients with ACOX2 Deficiency-Associated Hypertransaminasemia. Dysfunctional ACOX2 has been found in several patients with unexplained hypertransaminasemia. This condition can be accurately identified by a non-invasive diagnostic strategy based on plasma BA profiling and ACOX2 sequencing. Moreover, UDCA treatment can efficiently attenuate liver damage in these patients. |
P53 deficiency affects cholesterol esterification to exacerbate hepatocarcinogenesis. Collectively, our findings demonstrate that SOAT1 participates in hepatocarcinogenesis by increasing cholesterol esterification, thus indicating that SOAT1 is a potential biomarker and therapeutic target in P53-deficient HCC. |
Risk of cardiovascular disease and loss in life expectancy in non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. NAFLD was associated with a higher risk of non-fatal CVD but did not impact post-CVD mortality risk. Patients diagnosed with NAFLD have a lower life expectancy than the general population. |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
Patients With Inflammatory Bowel Diseases Have Impaired Antibody Production After Anti-SARS-CoV-2 Vaccination: Results From a Panhellenic Registry. Patients with IBD have impaired antibody responses to anti-SARS-CoV-2 vaccination, particularly those receiving viral vector vaccines and those on anti-TNFa treatment. Older age also hampers antibody production after vaccination. For those low-response groups, administration of accelerated or prioritized booster vaccination may be considered. |
Prevalence of and Factors Associated with Respiratory Symptoms Among Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease: A Prospective Study. Half of patients with inflammatory bowel disease reported respiratory symptoms in our study. Patients with inflammatory bowel disease should be systematically screened, as pulmonary disease is frequently present in this population, with specific attention being given to smokers or ex-smokers and patients with extra-articular intestinal manifestations. |
| J Crohns Colitis |
Efficacy and Safety of Elective Switching From Intravenous to Subcutaneous Infliximab (Ct-P13): A Multi-Centre Cohort Study. Among patients on IV infliximab maintenance therapy switched to SC CT-P13, we observed high treatment persistence rates and low rates of immunogenicity with no change in clinical disease activity indices or biomarkers. Infliximab levels increased after switch to SC CT-P13 and only ATI was associated with serum infliximab levels. Patient acceptance and satisfaction rates were high with SC CT-P13. |
Impact of COVID-19 on Healthcare Resource Utilization among Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease in the USA. Reduction in colonoscopies and subsequent initiation/switching of treatments during the COVID-19 pandemic suggest lost opportunities for therapy optimization that may have an impact on longer-term patient outcomes. Increased utilization of telehealth services may have helped address gaps in routine clinical care. |
Outcomes of Children With Inflammatory Bowel Disease Who Develop Anti-Tumor Necrosis Factor Induced Skin Reactions. Children who switched to UST after anti-TNF induced skin reactions were more likely to have improved outcomes than those who continued anti-TNF therapy. Future studies are needed to determine immune mechanisms of anti-TNF induced skin reactions and treatment response. |
| J Hepatol |
A risk prediction model for hepatocellular carcinoma after hepatitis B surface antigen seroclearance. The novel prediction model based on age, cirrhosis, family history of HCC, and alcohol consumption enables reliable risk estimation of HCC after HBsAg seroclearance and may serve as a useful reference for decision-making in HCC surveillance for HBsAg-cleared patients. |
Mechanotransduction-induced glycolysis epigenetically regulates a CXCL1-dominant angiocrine signaling program in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells in vitro and in vivo. HK2fl/fl/VCad-ERT2cre mice showed attenuated neutrophil infiltration, portal hypertension after pIVCL. 3PO treatment attenuated liver fibrosis in a CCl4 model. Glycolytic enzymes are involved in stiffness-induced angiocrine signaling in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells representing druggable targets in early liver disease. |
Mitochondrial protease ClpP supplementation ameliorates diet-induced NASH in mice. On the other hand, ClpP overexpression or activation improved HF/HFr-induced NASH characteristics such as hepatic steatosis, inflammation, fibrosis, and injury in the C57BL/6J mice, whereas ClpP knockdown further augmented steatohepatitis in mice fed a HF/HFr diet. Reduced ClpP expression and subsequent mitochondrial dysfunction are key to the development of diet-induced NASH. ClpP supplementation through viral transduction or chemical activation represents potential therapeutic strategies for preventing diet-induced NASH. |
| Neurogastroenterol Motil |
Chronic stress increases DNA methylation of the GR promoter in the central nucleus of the amygdala of female rats. Administration of the TSA directly into the CeA prevented these stress-induced changes of DNA methylation at the GR promoter. Our results suggest that, in females, changes in DNA methylation are involved in the regulation of GR expression in the CeA. These changes in DNA methylation may contribute to the central mechanisms responsible for stress-induced visceral hypersensitivity. |
Construction and identification of an immortalized rat intestinal smooth muscle cell line. ISMC-Hc showed characteristics similar to that of primary ISMC and can be used as an in vitro model to explore the cellular and molecular mechanisms of ISMC. Additionally, the immortalized ISMCs could help investigate the basic functional mechanisms of intestinal diseases. |
Effect of liquid and solid test meals on symptoms and gastric myoelectrical activity in patients with gastroparesis and functional dyspepsia. The similarity in GMA responses and symptoms after ingestion of solid or liquid test meals suggests GP and FD are closely related gastric neuromuscular disorders. |
Pictograms are more effective than verbal descriptors in Spanish for bloating and distension. Pictograms are more effective than Spanish VDs for bloating/distension in patients consulting for gastroenterology problems and those with IBS, supporting their usefulness in the clinic and research studies. |
Plenty of the editorials are available as full text through the publisher website using the provided link
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Gastroenterology |
Pancreatic Cancer: Pathogenesis, Screening, Diagnosis and Treatment. We review the current status of surveillance and early detection of PDAC, including populations at high risk and screening approaches. We outline the diagnostic approach to PDAC and highlight key treatment considerations, including how therapeutic approaches change with disease stage and targetable subtypes of PDAC. Recent years have seen significant improvements in our approaches to detect and treat PDAC, but large-scale, coordinated efforts will be needed to maximize the clinical impact for patients and improve overall survival. |
Small Intestinal Bacterial Overgrowth, Pathophysiology and its implications for Definition and Management. However, issues with the specificity of these same breath tests have clouded their interpretation and aroused some skepticism regarding the role of SIBO in this expanded clinical repertoire. Furthermore, the pathophysiological plausibility that underpins SIBO as a cause of maldigestion/malabsorption is lacking in regard to its purported role in irritable bowel syndrome, for example. One hopes that the application of an ever-expanding armamentarium of modern molecular microbiology to the human small intestinal microbiome in both health and disease will ultimately resolve this impasse and provide an objective basis for the diagnosis of SIBO. |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
| Gut |
| Hepatology |
| J Crohns Colitis |
| J Hepatol |
HBV-positive and HIV-positive organs in transplantation: a clinical guide for the hepatologist. However, antiviral therapies need to be readily available after the transplantation for the recipients to prevent possible reactivation of the virus following the administration of immunosuppressive therapies. Furthermore, the intentional transmission of a virus has practical, ethical, and health implications. In this review, we summarized the current research, focusing on grafts from donors positive for antibodies against the HBV core antigen (anti-HBc), Hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg), and HIV, to help hepatologists and physicians interested in transplantation in selecting the best antiviral and/or prophylactic regimen to be administered after transplantation. |
| Neurogastroenterol Motil |
Role of the duodenal microbiota in functional dyspepsia. This review is not intended to provide a complete overview of FD or the small intestinal microbiota, but instead outline some of the key conceptual advances in understanding the interactions between altered gastrointestinal bacterial communities; dietary factors; host immune activation; and stimulation of the gut-brain axes in patients with FD versus controls. Current and emerging treatment approaches such as dietary interventions and antibiotic or probiotic use that have demonstrated symptom benefits for patients are reviewed, and their role in modulating the host-microbiota is discussed. Finally, suggested opportunities for diagnostic and therapeutic improvements for patients with this condition are presented. |
Letters to the editors and authors’ replies
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Gastroenterology |
| Gut |
| Hepatology |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |
| J Hepatol |
all remaining publications eg case reports, images of the month, etc…
| Am J Gastroenterol |
| Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol |
| Endoscopy |
| Gastroenterology |
| Gastrointest Endosc |
| Gut |
| Hepatology |
| Inflamm Bowel Dis |